A true garage kit is a model kit- a character, vehicle or hardware (sci-fi weapons, etc) sculpt that comes in parts, unassembled and unpainted, in resin or vinyl. X-Plus sometimes markets their statues and figures with a descriptor they came up with, “Garage Toy”, that nods to their roots as a GK company.
GKs originated in Japan in the early 80s, when several monster, sci-fi and anime fans there decided to start making model kits of subjects that had not been tackled by big toy or model companies. The term derives from the fact that these were model kits being sculpted and poured by “amateur” hobbyists, often working in their homes or “garages”. By the mid-80s, GK companies began springing up all around the States (the Midwest, CA (Sideshow Toys started as a GK company) and NJ are the strongholds), and around that point, in Japan and the US, the quality of the kits begins to rise steadily on every level. The sculpts become better, larger and more elaborate, and the castings improved tenfold- in the late eighties, it was common to have to put in several hours of seam-scraping, sanding, and bubble-filling and parts-fitting before you even began to build a kit; today, the majority of GK companies use pressure-casting techniques that leave behind nary a seam-line, and the kits are, relatively, a breeze to build.
Outside of the older companies like X-Plus and VOLKS that used to do tons of kaiju releases, I gotta say that I don’t much try to keep up with the Japanese GK scene, unless there’s a new Garamon or Pygmon kit. The best place to get an idea of what’s out there in the domestic GK world, currently, is here:
http://www.bucwheat.com/2k12/2k12.htmBeyond that, if you can find them, Terry Webb’s
The Garage Kit That Ate My Wallet series of books is an exhaustive, fascinating, photo-packed history of the whole scene.
I can say from experience that the online GK world has many similarities with the sofubi-collecting world… the amazing works of art being done by fans, for fans; the intensity and chase of the new/unrelenting flow of wallet-shocking new releases; even parallel controversies and infighting. Nerds is nerds, I guess!